Which measurement focuses on the capacity of the manufacturing process to produce output without defects?

The correct choice focuses on quality control, which is a critical aspect in manufacturing that ensures the products meet certain standards and are free from defects. Quality control encompasses various processes and techniques aimed at monitoring and improving the manufacturing process to ensure consistent output quality. This measurement is essential because it directly influences customer satisfaction, safety, and overall reliability of the product.

Efficiency generally refers to how well resources are utilized in the manufacturing process, without specifically targeting the defect rate. Productivity relates to the output relative to the input but does not inherently address the quality of that output. Operational performance is a broader term that encompasses various metrics including efficiency, quality, and productivity but does not singularly focus on defect-free production. Therefore, quality control best captures the essence of ensuring that the output of a manufacturing process is free from defects.