Bolts and nuts should always be tightened to their recommended what before installing a lockwire or cotter pin?

Bolts and nuts must be tightened to their recommended torque before installing a lockwire or cotter pin because torque is the measurement of rotational force applied to fasteners. Achieving the proper torque ensures that the fastener is secured firmly, adequately preventing loosening due to vibrations or operational stresses encountered in aerospace applications. If fasteners are not tightened to the specified torque, the integrity of the assembly could be compromised, leading to potential failure in mission-critical components.

Torque specifications are determined based on factors such as the material of the bolt, the type of joint, and environmental conditions. By adhering to these guidelines, mechanics ensure that the assembly maintains its strength and reliability. Installing a lockwire or cotter pin before reaching the recommended torque could lead to an inadequate clamping force, resulting in a higher likelihood of loosening over time. Hence, proper torque is essential for securing connections before applying any locking mechanisms.